AP European History
Chapter 13: The Reform of Religion
Über-Detailed Study Questions
ANSWER KEY
1. Bible
2. German; Italian; French; Spanish; Czech; Flemish
3. Vulgate; Jerome
4. Psalms; Old Testament
5. French
6. Martin Luther
7. 430
8. 1 million; 15 million; 90
9. ---
10. Word of God
11. Jesus; Old Testament
12. “Vernacular”
13. Sola Scriptura
14. printing; Germany
15. One-third; Luther
16. papermaking and goldsmithing
17. copies of manuscripts
18. sheepskin and calfskin
19. 300
20. vellum skins
21. Johannes Gutenberg; Mainz
22. home
23. 110
24. Paris; Venice
25. 300
26. Cicero
27. 20 million
28. ---
29. language (both Latin and vernacular)
30. humanism
31. “Christian humanism”
32. Greek; Latin
33. Thomas More
34. Juan Luis Vives; The Instruction of a Christian Woman
35. Scholasticism
36. rote memorization
37. How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?
38. 1,000
39. going on pilgrimages; relic worship
40. More; Erasmus
41. Marguerite of Navarre; Francis I
42. Jacques Lefevre d’Etaples; College de France
43. Jimenez de Cisneros; Alcala
44. Polyglot Bible; many languages; 15
45. 6; Latin Vulgate, Hebrew, Greek; Latin Vulgate, Greek
46. Desiderius Erasmus; Brotherhood of the Common Life
47. France; England
48. In Praise of Folly
49. Saint Jerome; Vulgate
50. biblical criticism
51. how-to; 22
52. simony
53. nepotism
54. pluralism
55. Aachen
56. James; Compostela
57. 10,000
58. chantries; arithmetical piety
59. penance
60. one
61. indulgences
62. absolve from sins, absolve relatives from sins, absolve the dead from sins, and absolve you from future sins
63. Gutenberg
64. contrite
65. Frederick III the “Wise” of Saxony; 250,000
66. St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome; Prince Albert of Brandenburg
67. Johann Tetzel
68. Wittenberg; All Saints’ Day
69. Martin Luther; Wittenberg University; Ninety-five Theses
70. German
71. law; Augustine; struck by lightning
72. Erfurt; Wittenberg
73. doctorate; theology
74. 29; professor; the castle at Wittenberg
75. Augustine monasteries
76. Rome
77. good works
78. sola fide
79. penance; indulgence
80. sola scriptura
81. study of the Bible
82. primacy of works; charity; devotion
83. head of his order (a papal legate); Charles V; Pope Leo X; diet; Worms
84. biblical verses that contradicted him
85. human
86. Christian Nobility of the German Nation; Charles V
87. 30
88. Protestantism
89. princes
90. Italians
91. laity; clergy
92. Germany
93. schools; hostels for the poor
94. marry
95. Marguerite of Navarre; Francis I
96. France; Mirror of the Sinful Soul; Elizabeth I
97. Mary of Hungary; Charles V; Ferdinand I; Hungary; the Netherlands
98. Psalms
99. Bona; Sigismund I; Italian; private confessor
100. holy matrimony
101. the Virgin Mary
102. convents
103. Livonia; Teutonic Knights
104. Gdansk
105. Poland-Lithuania; Krakow
106. Christian III
107. Olaus Petri; Stockholm; Swedish
108. Gustav I Vasa; Sweden
109. Jan Hus; Czech; wine; bread
110. Swiss; Huldrych Zwingli; Zurich; Basel
111. plague
112. –
113. Lord’s Supper
114. Bern; Basel
115. Protestant Swiss towns; on a battlefield
116. theocracy
117. Geneva; Savoy
118. Bern
119. Zwingli
120. French
121. Calvin
122. France; bishop’s secretary
123. humanist; Greek; Hebrew; theology; Orleans
124. Lutheranism
125. Francis I; heresy; Basel; Institutes of the Christian Religion
126. Strasbourg
127. Guillaume Farel; 25
128. justification by faith alone; predestination
129. elect
130. pastors; doctors; deacons; elders
131. 20; 500
132. doctors
133. Calvin; Geneva
134. deacons
135. elders; 12
136. consistory; sexual offenses (i.e. adultery and fornication)
137. prostitutes
138. The Institutes of the Christian Religion; the Low Countries; Scotland; Poland
139. Britain
140. Henry VIII; Catherine of Aragon; annulment
141. six; miscarriages; Mary (I of England)
142. papal dispensation; Arthur
143. Emperor Charles V
144. Anne Boleyn
145. Thomas Cranmer; Canterbury
146. Thomas Cromwell
147. monasteries; Lutheran
148. King’s Great Matter
149. anticlericalism
150. More; Colet
151. Defender of the Faith
152. Thomas Bilney
153. William Tyndale
154. Edward VI; third
155. chantries; masses for the dead
156. Zwingli; Lord’s Supper
157. communion; minister
158. More
159. Pilgrimage of Grace
160. prayer book
161. Mary I; Catholic; papal; priests
162. monastic properties and Church lands
163. Cranmer; three; 270
164. 800; Marian exiles; Zurich; Frankfurt; Geneva
165. Calvinist; Mary I; Elizabeth I
166. Protestantism; Bloody; prayers/statues of the Virgin; Latin; English
167. –
168. Good Queen Bess; Virgin Queen; predestination
169. Thirty-nine Articles
170. Swabia; tithes; labor service
171. Erasmus; Zwingli
172. Anabaptists; baptism again
173. Catholics; Protestants
174. German; Swiss; sola fide (justification by faith alone)
175. infant baptism
176. Holy Spirit
177. pay taxes; military obligations
178. polygamy; promiscuity
179. Swiss cities; Bohemia; Hungary
180. the Holy Roman Empire
181. Balthasar Hubmaier; Jacob Hutter; Moravia; southern Bohemia
182. Moravian Brethren
183. Turkish
184. Menno Simons; Dutch; Mennonites
185. Thomas Müntzer; Frankenhausen
186. “Dr. Pussyfoot”
187. Thuringia; the Black Forest
188. Mühlhausen; eternal council
189. 10,000; Counts of Mansfeld
190. rainbow
191. peasant parliament; Twelve Articles
192. pastor; Word of God
193. demobilized mercenaries
194. 12,000; Swabian League
195. Franconia
196. 5,000
197. New Piety
198. Brethren of the Common Life
199. The Imitation of Christ; Thomas à Kempis; 70
200. Sermon on the Mount
201. Polyglot Bible; Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros; Toledo; Primate
202. John Colet; St. Paul’s
203. the pope
204. Inquisitor-General of the Spanish Inquisition
205. Gian Matteo Giberti; Verona; almshouses; Augustine
206. devotionalism; Capuchins; Matteo de Bascio; Francis of Assisi
207. Theatines; two
208. Saint Teresa of Ávila; Carmelites; The Way to Perfection; Castile
209. Angela Merici; Ursulines; Italy
210. Saint Ignatius Loyola; Castile; cannonball; Pamplona
211. Manresa; food; sleep; The Spiritual Exercises
212. Jerusalem; Calvin
213. Paul III; Society of Jesus; Jesuits
214. Francis Xavier
215. soldiers
216. Church Militant
217. Index of prohibited books
218. Hussites
219. Cisneros
220. Trent
221. Italy
222. third
223. Bologna
224. 270; 187
225. selling of indulgences
226. seminaries
227. service
228. 40
229. Saxony; Thuringia
230. Alps
231. Peace of Augsburg
232. 40
233. the church in which he was baptized
234. 25
235. Charles V
236. Congregationalist
237. Vatican II; John XXIII
238. Edmund G. Brown, Jr.; Oakland
239. unbaptized babies
240. Spanish Armada
241. William of Ockham
242. Huguenots; Presbyterians; Puritans; Swiss Reformed Church; Dutch Reformed Church
243. Jamestown
244. nowhere; prince
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